![]() ![]() MR rooms are typically isolated and strictly controlled to minimize the chance of interference. Removing the source of interference should eliminate the artifact. These occur when something in the environment interferes with the MRI unit, such as devices in the MR room, blinking light bulbs, the door not being securely shut, or nearby construction. Zipper artifacts can cause noise on the image, making it difficult to read. ![]() When used in certain circumstances these artifacts can enhance the image quality. While this effect can be reduced by avoiding gradient echo sequences, occasionally this type of artifact can be useful in diagnosing patients, such as in the detection of hematomas. These materials cause the image to have bright areas and dark areas near the magnetic object that are not anatomically correct. Magnetic susceptibility artifacts can occur when a patient has an implant or medical device in the MR room that responds to the magnetic field. Increasing the bandwidth, reducing the matrix size, or suppressing the fat-frequency signal can all minimize this artifact. This causes a black or bright band at the edge of the anatomy, and can sometimes be misinterpreted as pathology. Fat and water molecules oscillate differently within the magnetic field, causing them to show up differently during the encoding. Inherent physical artifactsĬhemical-shift artifacts occur during the frequency encoding of the MRI process. Gradient moment nulling can also be applied to try to correct flow artifacts. Using saturation bands can minimize this artifact, saturating the slice upstream so the blood will not produce a signal. ![]() Due to the nature of GRE sequences, blood flow will produce a bright signal. Using faster sequences and respiratory-ordered phase encoding can help eliminate artifacts, as can navigator echo gating to track the motion of the diaphragm to time image acquisition.įlow artifacts are also common, especially in gradient echo (GRE) sequences. This periodic motion cannot be avoided, and can cause artifacts. You may need antispasmodic medications for some patients.Īll patients will continue to breathe, have heartbeats, and blood flow during the exam. Make sure the patient is comfortable prior to beginning the sequence, and advise them when it is especially important remain still. Recognizing that these ghost images are due to motion can help radiologists diagnose patients more accurately.īecause motion can make the images harder to read, patients should be advised to hold still during the exam. Motion artifacts typically show up as blurring or ghosting, especially in the phase-encoding direction. Patient motion – intentional or not – cause artifacts on the MRI image. Finally, the hardware and software involved in constructing MRI images can cause artifacts. Artifacts can arise from the inherent physics of the MRI, such as the presence of metal or chemical shift. Physiologic artifacts are caused by patient movement, including breathing, heartbeat, and blood flow. Learning to recognized common artifacts and how to avoid them improves the diagnostic properties of MRI.Īrtifacts can be categorized into three main types. These artifacts can mimic pathologies, leading to improper diagnoses. Sometimes, structures appear in the MRI imaging that is not anatomically present. These images can be used to diagnose a wide variety of health conditions, making reading these images a critical part of a radiologist’s training. Magnetic resonance imaging uses magnetic fields and radio waves to form images of the body. ![]()
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